{"id":4600,"date":"2024-10-05T12:29:14","date_gmt":"2024-10-05T10:29:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/?p=4600"},"modified":"2025-12-06T12:48:18","modified_gmt":"2025-12-06T11:48:18","slug":"maria-thereza-alves-seeds-of-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/en\/maria-thereza-alves-seeds-of-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Maria Thereza Alves. Seeds of Change"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>PER LA PRIMA VOLTA IN OLANDA UNA MOSTRA MONOGRAFICA DI MARIA THEREZA ALVES \u00c8 DEDICATA AI 10 ANNI DEL PROGETTO <em>SEEDS OF CHANGE<\/em>, E PRESENTA OPERE FOTOGRAFICHE, DIPINTI, MAPPE, DISEGNI, INTERVISTE, VIDEO ALL<\/strong><strong>\u2019<\/strong><strong>INTERNO DELLA PIATTAFORMA INTERNAZIONALE PORT CITY SAFARI, AVVIATA DA AMAZELAB (MILANO) IN COLLABORAZIONE CON ARNOLFINI (BRISTOL). IL PROGETTO METTE IN EVIDENZA DIVERSI PERCORSI E PIATTAFORME SU MIGRAZIONE, COMMERCIO E DINAMICHE DI TRASFORMAZIONE.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mariatherezaalves.org\/works\/seeds-of-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Seeds of Change<\/em><\/a> \u00e8 un\u2019indagine basata su particolari ricerche riguardanti \u00abla flora connessa alle zavorre dei cargo\u00bb, un aspetto della botanica trascurato perch\u00e9 associato alla tratta degli schiavi nei porti europei. Maria Thereza Alves, artista brasiliana impegnata politicamente (co-fondatrice del Partito Verde a San Paolo), \u00e8 attiva tra Roma e Berlino. Il suo lavoro indaga l\u2019idea secondo cui il nostro paesaggio \u00e8 costituito per lo pi\u00f9 da piante portate dal mare. I semi possono rimanere dormienti per centinaia di anni; l\u2019artista li raccoglie, cerca di farli germogliare ricostruendo in qualche modo la storia del luogo.<br \/>\nPietre, terra, sabbia, legno e mattoni venivano usati come zavorra per stabilizzare le navi mercantili in base al peso del carico. Una volta giunta in porto, la zavorra veniva scaricata. I semi potevano provenire da porti e regioni dell\u2019area mediterranea coinvolti nel commercio con l\u2019Europa. Contenuti nelle \u201cballe di zavorra\u201d, essi riuscivano a germogliare e crescere, contribuendo allo sviluppo del paesaggio europeo e di ci\u00f2 che Alves chiama \u00abstoria senza confini\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Claudia Zanfi<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong>\u00a0Cominciamo parlando del tuo lavoro, potresti dirci cosa ti ha spinta a intraprendere una ricerca cos\u00ec particolare?<br \/>\n<strong>Maria Thereza Alves:<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Seeds of Change<\/em> nasce a Marsiglia nel 1999. La dottoressa Heli Jutila, esperta di \u201cflora di zavorra\u201d (che mi ha tenuto al corrente delle varie ricerche su tale fenomeno), afferma che \u00absebbene i semi sembrino morti, in realt\u00e0 essi sono vivi e possono restare (tali) nel terreno per decine o anche centinaia di anni in uno stato di dormienza\u00bb. Tale progetto solleva interrogativi sulla definizione di quale epoca nella storia geografica del luogo determini la sua \u201cnaturalezza\u201d: quando i semi diventano nativi e qual \u00e8 la storia socio-politica del luogo che ne identifica il quadro di appartenenza?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4811\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4811\" style=\"width: 502px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4811\" title=\"Maria Thereza Alves, Seeds of Change, still da video, 1999-2009. Courtesy l\u2019artista, aMAZElab\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/5-min-2.jpg\" alt=\"Maria Thereza Alves, Seeds of Change, still da video, 1999-2009. Courtesy l\u2019artista, aMAZElab\" width=\"502\" height=\"349\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/5-min-2.jpg 830w, https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/5-min-2-768x534.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/5-min-2-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/5-min-2-300x209.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/5-min-2-600x417.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 502px) 100vw, 502px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4811\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Thereza Alves, <em>Seeds of Change<\/em>, still da video, 1999-2009. Courtesy l\u2019artista, aMAZElab<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Frequenti indagini sulla \u201cflora di zavorra\u201d sono state sviluppate per <em>Seeds of Change<\/em> nelle citt\u00e0 porto di Marsiglia, Reposaari, Dunkerque, Copenaghen, Exeter, Liverpool e Bristol. Alves comincia col cercare negli archivi locali ogni tipo di documentazione reperibile, consultando anche i giornali di bordo e certificazioni sull\u2019importazione di merci per verificare percorsi di navi ed ex porti di scalo, al fine di individuare le possibili origini del materiale che costituiva la zavorra e i semi in essa contenuti. Stranamente, nonostante la logica commerciale si sia opposta all\u2019uso della zavorra, Alves ha rintracciato la documentazione che attesta un ampio uso di zavorra da parte di navi mercantili francesi e inglesi. Giornali di bordo a Dunkerque hanno svelato come molte navi arrivassero in porto \u201cvide\u201d (vuote), il che significa con migliaia di tonnellate di zavorra (senza alcun valore commerciale). A Liverpool ne fu scaricata nel porto una quantit\u00e0 tale da essere usata per le fondamenta di strade locali, tanto che oggi, dopo che le strade sono state costruite, dalla terra di zavorra sotto l\u2019asfalto fioriscono piante esotiche.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CZ:<\/strong>\u00a0Come riconosci i diversi tipi di flora? Come suggerisci di usare i semi dopo averli raccolti dalle zavorre?<br \/>\n<strong>MTA:<\/strong>\u00a0Dopo aver individuato i luoghi di zavorra, campioni di terra vengono prelevati, conservati e posti in serra o in casa di gente del luogo. Nel nuovo terreno i semi germogliano. Nel caso di Reposaari, fu scaricata tanta di quella zavorra lungo il porto che oggi l\u2019isola ha una ricca flora non nativa molto apprezzata dai residenti (i quali barattano tra di loro semi di zavorra e piante); qui, servendomi di campioni di zavorra provenienti dalle case della gente del posto, ho creato una serra nel cortile interno del Museo di Arte Contemporanea. A Bristol ho invitato gruppi della comunit\u00e0 locale, che rimandavano alla storia commerciale del porto, a coltivare campioni di terra conservati, raccolti nei siti storici delle zavorre. Per <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mariatherezaalves.org\/works\/seeds-of-change-a-floating-ballast-seed-garden-bristol?c=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bristol<\/a>, ho proposto la creazione di un Giardino di Zavorre e di un centro di ricerca sul paesaggio inglese in un ex sito di zavorra. Molta della flora inglese arriv\u00f2 nell\u2019arco di 200 anni all\u2019apice dello scambio mercantile inglese. A Dunkerque, documentazione e campioni di terra con piante germogliate sono stati esposti sul veliero del Mus\u00e9e Portuaire.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CZ:<\/strong>\u00a0Ora, un nuovo video documenta i dieci anni di ricerca del progetto <em>Semi del Cambiamento<\/em> e il suo avvio a Marsiglia. Puoi parlarcene?<br \/>\n<strong>MTA:<\/strong>\u00a0Quello di Marsiglia \u00e8 il porto pi\u00f9 antico dell\u2019area del Mediterraneo. I semi arrivati da ogni parte del mondo possono rimanere dormienti per pi\u00f9 di 500 anni. Qui ho creato una sorta di archivio delle erbe in rapporto ai semi che ho trovato lungo il porto dopo la loro germogliazione. Una incarnazione della storia commerciale del porto. Per 2.600 anni, semi provenienti dalle regioni che avevano rapporti commerciali con Marsiglia, dalla Norvegia al Sud Africa dal Messico al Vietnam, si sono accumulati lungo gli anfratti del porto senza essere mai notati. Nel video <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mariatherezaalves.org\/works\/seeds-of-change-marseille?c=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Seeds of Change: Marseilles<\/em><\/a> commissionato da aMAZElab, ho posto l\u2019accento sulla vita dei semi contenuti nella zavorra: quando vengono caricati sulle navi, il loro viaggio e approdo a Marsiglia. Il video documenta la flora che ora cresce nel porto di Marsiglia, in quei precisi punti, da me scoperta attraverso indagini in archivi locali quali: Pierre de Marbre Depot, Depot X, Fort St. Nicolas, Depot Bassin du Carenage, Depot Bassin de la Gare Maritime e il Depot Major. Marsiglia \u00e8 stata il crocevia di scambi politici ed economici della Francia con l\u2019Africa e il Medio Oriente. Per questo motivo anche la comunit\u00e0 marsigliese composta da una vasta popolazione di immigrati \u00e8 presente nel video.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CZ:<\/strong><em>\u00a0<\/em>Come vedi la fruizione di un \u201cGiardino della flora di zavorra\u201d da parte delle comunit\u00e0 locali?<br \/>\n<strong>MTA:<\/strong>\u00a0Per la prossima indagine a Rotterdam ho proposto un giardino nel porto della citt\u00e0. Qui verrebbero piantati centinaia di campioni raccolti dai siti delle zavorre. Il giardino fungerebbe da forum dove i cittadini, tra cui immigrati o loro discendenti (provenienti originariamente da regioni rurali dei loro paesi) possano fornire informazioni specifiche circa l\u2019origine delle piante. I residenti possono lavorare insieme alla comunit\u00e0 scientifica al fine di identificare la \u201cflora di zavorra\u201d arrivata a Rotterdam da tutto il mondo nel corso dei secoli.<\/p>\n<p><em>Arte e Critica, n. 61, dicembre 2009 &#8211; febbraio 2010, pp. 64-66.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>FOR THE FIRST TIME A SOLO EXHIBITION ON MARIA THEREZA ALVES IN THE NETHERLANDS HAS BEEN DEDICATED TO 10 YEARS OF THE <em>SEEDS OF CHANGE<\/em> PROJECT. THE EXHIBITION PRESENTS PHOTOGRAPHS, PAINTINGS, DRAWINGS, MAPS, VIDEO AND IS PART OF THE INTERNATIONAL PLATFORM <em>PORT CITY SAFARI<\/em>, INITIATED BY AMAZELAB (MILANO) IN COLLABORATION WITH ARNOLFINI (BRISTOL). THE PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS DIVERSE TRAJECTORIES AND PLATFORMS ON MIGRATION, TRADE AND DYNAMICS OF TRANSFORMATION.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mariatherezaalves.org\/works\/seeds-of-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Seeds of Change<\/em><\/a> is an investigation based on original research that deals with \u2018ballast flora\u2019, an area of botanical study that has been marginalized for bearing direct links with the slave trade in European ports. Maria Thereza Alves is a Brazilian artist, involved in politics (co-founder of the Green Party in S\u00e3o Paulo), currently active in Berlin and Rome. Her work investigates the idea that our landscape is largely constituted by plants that have migrated or been introduced by the sea. Seeds can lay dormant in sites for hundreds of years and in her work she collects them, tries to germinate them and to some extent recreate the history of the site. Stones, earth, sand, wood, and bricks were used as ballast to stabilize merchant sailing ships according to the weight of the cargo. Upon arrival in port, the ballast were unloaded. The seeds can arrive from any of the ports and regions around the Mediterranean area involved in trade with Europe. Seeds contained in ballast soil may germinate and grow, contributing to the development of the European landscape and of what Alves calls \u2018borderless history\u2019.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Claudia Zanfi<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> Let\u2019s start by talking about your work, could you tell us what drove you to begin such a peculiar research?<br \/>\n<strong>Maria Thereza Alves: <\/strong><em>Seeds of Change<\/em> started in Marseille in 1999. The ballast flora specialist Dr. Heli Jutila (who has advised me in various ballast research) says \u201cAlthough seeds seem to be dead, they are in fact alive and can remain vital in soil for decades, and even hundreds of years in a state of dormancy.\u201d This project raises questions on the parallels between the discourses of defining what epoch in the geographical history of place classifies its \u2018naturalness\u2019: at what moment do seeds become native, and what are the socio-political histories of place that classify the framework of belonging.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4812\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4812\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4812\" title=\"Maria Thereza Alves, Seeds of Change, still da video, 1999-2009. Courtesy l\u2019artista, aMAZElab\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/4-min-4.jpg\" alt=\"Maria Thereza Alves, Seeds of Change, still da video, 1999-2009. Courtesy l\u2019artista, aMAZElab\" width=\"510\" height=\"383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/4-min-4.jpg 765w, https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/4-min-4-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/4-min-4-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.arteecritica.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/4-min-4-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 510px) 100vw, 510px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4812\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Thereza Alves, <em>Seeds of Change<\/em>, still da video, 1999-2009. Courtesy l\u2019artista, aMAZElab<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ongoing investigations of ballast flora for <em>Seeds of Change<\/em> have been developed in the port cities of Marseilles, Reposaari, Dunkirk, Copenhagen, Exeter, Liverpool and Bristol. Alves begins with research in local archives with whatever earliest documentation is available and also consults ships\u2019 logs and port documentation on importation of goods to track the paths of ships and previous ports of call to trace the possibilities of origin of the ballast material and the accompanying seeds. Strangely enough, although commercial logic would argue against the use of ballast, Alves has encountered documentation on the extensive use of ballast by French and British merchant vessels. Ships\u2019 logs in Dunkirk revealed that many ships arrived in port \u201cVide\u201d (Empty), which means with thousands of tons of ballast (which had no commercial value). In Liverpool, so much ballast was unloaded at the port that it was used for the foundations of local roads. Today, when road work is done and the ballast laden earth under the asphalt disturbed, exotic plants bloom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CZ:<\/strong> How do you recognize the different type of flora and plants? How do you suggest to use the seeds after collecting it from a ballast?<br \/>\n<strong>MTA:<\/strong> After ballast sites are located, samples of earth are removed from the sites, potted and placed in a greenhouse or in the homes of local residents. Seeds in the soil germinate. For Reposaari, where so much ballast was unloaded along the port that today, the island has a rich non-native flora much esteemed by local residents (who barter with each other for ballast seeds and plants); I made a greenhouse in the inner courtyard of the Museum of Contemporary Art, with ballast samples collected from the homes of local residents. In Bristol, I invited local community groups which reflected the economic relationships of Bristol\u2019s port history to nurture the potted samples of earth collected from historical ballast sites. For <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mariatherezaalves.org\/works\/seeds-of-change-a-floating-ballast-seed-garden-bristol?c=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bristol<\/a>, I proposed the creation of a Ballast Garden and English \u2018Landscape\u2019 Research Center on a former ballast site. Much of English flora arrived within a two-hundred year period at the height of English mercantile trade. In Dunkirk, the documentation and samples of earth from ballast sites with plants which germinated were exhibited in a sailing ship of the Mus\u00e9e Portuaire.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CZ:<\/strong> Now, a new work \u2013 a 12\u2019 video \u2013 is documenting ten years of research on ballast seeds and its starting point in Marseille. Can you describe it?<br \/>\n<strong>MTA:<\/strong> Marseille is the oldest harbor of the Mediterranean area. The seeds, arriving from all over the world, can lie dormant for more than 500 years. Here I\u2019ve created a sort of herbal archive referring to the seeds I\u2019ve found along the port, after their germination. A living embodiment of the port\u2019s history of trade. For two thousand and six hundred years seeds coming from the regions trading with Marseilles, ranging from Norway to South Africa and from Mexico to Vietnam have been accumulating along the corners of the port of Marseilles \u2012 without being noticed. In the video, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mariatherezaalves.org\/works\/seeds-of-change-marseille?c=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Seeds of Change: Marseilles<\/em><\/a> commissioned by aMAZElab, I emphasized the point of view of the seeds in the ballast as they are loaded onto ships, their voyage and arrival in Marseilles. The video documents the flora that now grows in ballast sites in the Port of Marseilles which I\u2019ve discovered through research in local archives such as: Pierre de Marbre Depot, Depot X at the foot of Fort St. Nicolas, Depot at the Bassin du Carenage, Depot at the Bassin de la Gare Maritime, and the Depot at Major. Marseilles has been the crossroads for Frances\u2019s political and economic exchanges with the Middle East and Africa. Therefore the community of Marseilles made up of a resulting large population of immigrants is also included in the video.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CZ:<\/strong> How do you see the use of a \u2018Ballast Seeds Garden\u2019 by local communities?<br \/>\n<strong>MTA:<\/strong> For the next research in Rotterdam Harbour I\u2019ve proposed a garden in the city\u2019s port. This garden would be planted with hundreds of samples collected from historical ballast sites. The garden would serve as a forum where local residents, some of whom are immigrants or their descendents (originally from rural regions of their countries), can provide expert information on the origins of the plants. The residents along with the scientific community can cooperate in identifying the ballast flora which arrived in Rotterdam from around the world during centuries.<\/p>\n<p><em>Arte e Critica, no. 61, December 2009 &#8211; February 2010, pp. 64-66.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PER LA PRIMA VOLTA IN OLANDA UNA MOSTRA MONOGRAFICA DI MARIA THEREZA ALVES \u00c8 DEDICATA AI 10 ANNI DEL PROGETTO SEEDS OF CHANGE, E PRESENTA OPERE FOTOGRAFICHE, DIPINTI, MAPPE, DISEGNI, INTERVISTE, VIDEO ALL\u2019INTERNO DELLA PIATTAFORMA INTERNAZIONALE PORT CITY SAFARI, AVVIATA DA AMAZELAB (MILANO) IN COLLABORAZIONE CON ARNOLFINI (BRISTOL). IL PROGETTO METTE IN EVIDENZA DIVERSI PERCORSI [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4806,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kt_blocks_editor_width":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[4173,4165,4142,2309,4156,4138,4153,4170,4169,4171,4167,4152,4148,4154,4144,4168,4175,4150,4174,4155,1257,4149,4172,963,4162,4158,4157,4160,4139,2388,4146,2710,4166,4141,4151,1843,4140,4147,4143,4164,4159,4161,4145,4163],"autore":[4137],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Maria Thereza Alves. 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